013: Replies
More verbs. Now that you know how to spot Ichidan, Godan and Exception verbs let’s get back into conjugation.
As a reminder here is the list of bases:
Base 1: a/あ
Base 2: i/い
Base 3: u/う
Base 4: e/え
Base 5: ou *long sound おう
Here are some basic examples with each verb type as they conjugate slightly differently.
Godan Verbs: nomu – to drink
Nomu in Base 1 = noma のま
Nomu in Base 2 = nomi のみ
Nomu in Base 3 = nomu のむ
Nomu in Base 4 = nome のめ
Nomu in Base 5 = nomou のもう
So from here, we remember that the bases are basically the first part of two pieces that make up the form of the verb. Let’s go over an example. To put verbs in the negative form we first mush change it into Base 1 and then add ない. So To Drink (のむ) become Does not drink (のまない) . That simple. Now each type of ending must aline with one of the 7 bases. However, each base has a meaning of it’s own. For example, Base 5 mean’s let’s Verb. Or Let’s Drink (のもう). While we will not go over all the meaning today try to memorize these main ones of Base 1 + ない and Base 5. This will help us understand the last two bases which is next week’s topic.
えー – huh
変な（へん） – Odd/Strange
の – !
この – This
置物（おきもの）- Porch statue (literally placed thing)
を – Object Particle
買った（かう＋BTA）To Buy (Past Tense)
の – ?
これ – This
が – Subject Marker
返事（へんじ） – Reply
だ – Predicate
今（いま）- Now
開ける（あける） – Open
か – Question Marker
いや – No
無理（むり） – Nothing we can do
よ – !
今（いま） – Now
は – Topic Marker
できそう （できる＋B２＋そう） – Seems Possible
に – Direction Particle
ない – Negative
わ – ! (feminine)
ねえ – Hey
ちょっと – A little
どこ – Where
か – Question Particle
一緒に（いっしょ） – Together
出掛けない（でかける＋BI＋ない）Go do something (Negative)
アイス – Ice-cream
か – Question Particle
何か（なにか） – What
買い（かう＋B2） – Buy/Shop (noun)
に – Direction Marker
行く（いく） – To Go
いい（イイ）- Good (Katakana for emphasis)
ね – Isn’t it
行こう（いく＋B5） – Let’s Go