014: Don’t Fail
More verbs. Now that you know how to spot Ichidan, Godan and Exception verbs let’s get back into conjugation.
As a reminder here is the list of bases:
Base 1: a/あ
Base 2: i/い
Base 3: u/う
Base 4: e/え
Base 5: ou *long sound おう
Here are some basic examples with each verb type as they conjugate slightly differently.
Godan Verbs: nomu – to drink
Nomu in Base 1 = noma のま
Nomu in Base 2 = nomi のみ
Nomu in Base 3 = nomu のむ
Nomu in Base 4 = nome のめ
Nomu in Base 5 = nomou のもう
However there are two other bases that are kinda hard to memorize and can be kinda confusing unless you see them in from of you. We call them Base TE and Base TA. These two bases are difficult because they get all phonetical when interacting with Godan verbs.
With Ichidan verbs you simply remove the る and replace it with て. That easy.
Deru でる (To Leave) – Dete でて
Okiru おきる (To Awake) – Okite おきて
Neru ねる (To Sleep) – Nete ねて
The next base is called Base Ta – also called Base 7.
With Ichidan verbs you simply remove the る and replace it with た. Yep, super simple.
Deru でる (To Leave) – Deta でた
Okiru おきる (To Awake) – Okita おきた
Neru ねる (To Sleep) – Neta ねた
Now the Godan verbs. Instead of just adding Te/Ta onto the end, you have to change more of the form of the word, depending on the last Hiragana symbol in the word.
If the verb ends with: BU, MU, or NU = Base Te conjugates into NDE/NDA
Yobu (よぶ) Yonde (よんで/よんだ) – To Call
Nomu (のむ) Nonde (のんで/のんだ) – To Drink
Shinu (しぬ) Shinde (しんで/しんだ) – To Die
If the verb ends with: U, RU, TSU = Base Te conjugates into TTE/TTA
Kau (かう) Katte (かって/かった) – To Buy
Noru (のる) Notte (のって/のった) – To Ride
Tatsu (たつ) Tatte (たって/たった)) – To Stand
If the verb ends with: KU = Base Te conjugates into ITE
Kaku (かく) Kaite (かいて/かいた) – To Write
If the verb ends with GU = Base Te conjugates into IDE
Oyogu (およぐ) Oyoide (およいで/およいだ) – To Swim
勉強（べんきょう）- Styudy
して（BTEする）- To Do
いる – To Exist
か – ?
うん – ya
本当（ほんとう）- Really
か – ?
本当（ほんとう） – Really
だった（だPast）- Predicate
ば –
一生懸命（いっしょうけんめい） – Really Hard (with all one’s might)
勉強（べんきょう） – To Study
して（BTEする） – To Do
[い]る – To exist
よ – !
当たり前（あたりまえ） – You better me (This phrase has various meanings)
だ – Predicate
次（つぎ） – Next
の – Connecting Particle
テスト – Test
は – Topic Marker
絶対に（ぜったい） – Without a
落とせない（B2おとせる＋ない） – Fail (negative)
から – Because
な – Inflective [as if making a statement]
放課（ほうか）- End of class
後（ご） – After
ゲーセン – Game Center/Arcade
に – Directional Particle
いく – To go
けど – But
来る（くる） – To come
行けない（B1いく＋ない） – To Go (negative)
勉強（べんきょう） – (Study)
しない（B1する＋ない） – To Do (negative)
と – Quotative
いけない – Must
んだ – Indicates an explination
まじで – No way
お前（まえ） – You (informal)
ずっと – All the time
勉強（べんきょう）
して（BTEする） – To Do
[い]る – To exist
な – Statement
うん – yeah
しない（B1する＋ない） – To Verb (negative)
やばい – Really bad
んだ – Indicates Explanation
よ – !